A) General Blood tests Panel

1. CBC (Complete Blood Count)

→Why this test is done: To checks the overall blood health of patient and detects anemia, infections, vitamin/mineral deficiencies, bleeding/clotting problems, and even crirical desiese like blood cancers like leukemia.
→Normal Range:
→Hemoglobin: 13–17 g/dL (men), 12–15 g/dL (women)
→WBC: 4,000–11,000 /µL
→Platelets: 1.5–4.5 lakh /µL
→Cost: ₹300–₹500 (USD $5–$8)
→Fasting required? Nope
→Does it hurt? Just a small needle prick for a second. (You should be a little scared if you are scared of needles or injections )
→Report time: 4–6 hours

CBC Blood tests (Complete Blood Count) Panel Table

Test Name	What it Detects	Normal Range	Fasting Required	Cost (INR/USD)
RBC Count	Anemia, blood loss, dehydration	Men: 4.7–6.1 million/µLWomen: 4.2–5.4	No	₹300–₹500 / $5–$8
WBC Count	Infections, immune status	Men: 4.7–6.1 million/µL Women: 4.2–5.4	No	Included in CBC
Hemoglobin (Hb)	Anemia, blood oxygen-carrying capacity	4,000–11,000/µL /µL	No	Included in CBC
Hematocrit (PCV)	Proportion of RBCs in blood volume	Men: 13–17 g/dL Women: 12–15 g/dL	No	Included in CBC
Platelet Count	Clotting ability, dengue, bleeding disorders	Men: 40–50% Women: 35–45%	No	Included in CBC
MCV, MCH, MCHC	RBC size & hemoglobin content	1.5–4.5 lakh/µL /µL	No	Included in CBC
RDW	RBC size variation	11.5–14.5%	No	Included in CBC
Differential WBC Count	Immune cell types: Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, etc.	MCV: 80–100 fl MCH: 27–33 pg	No	Included in CBC

2. ESR Blood tests (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)

→Why this test is done: This blood test is done to detect inflammation or infection in our body. Can detect desiese like tuberculosis, arthritis, autoimmune diseases or chronic infections.
→Normal Range:
Men: <15 mm/hr
Women: <20 mm/hr
→Cost: ₹250–₹400 (USD $4–$6)
→Fasting required? No
→Does it hurt? You should be a little scared if you are scared of needles or injections
→Report time: 4–5 hours

3. CRP Blood tests (C-Reactive Protein)

· Why this test is done: CRP levels increase with infection, injury, and inflammation in the body.
· Normal Range: <3 mg/L
· Cost: ₹500–₹800 (USD $7–$10)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? No
·Report time: Same day (4–6 hours)

4. Blood Grouping & Cross-Matching

· Why this test is done: It’s a basic blood test to identify your blood group, important for surgeries and blood donation.

· Normal Range: A, B, AB, O; Rh positive or negative
· Cost: ₹150–₹300 (USD $3–$5)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? Only a quick needle prick; it’s over instantly.
→Report time: 1–2 hours

Facts: there are some rare blood groups that exist around us

1. Rh-null, also called Golden Blood:
Extremely rare (fewer than 50 people worldwide). They can donate blood to anyone but receive only from another Rh-null.
· 2. Bombay Blood Group:
– Found mainly in India (approx. 1 in 10,000 in Mumbai).
– Cannot receive blood from any ABO group; can only receive from the same group.
· 3. Kell null (K0):
– Lacks all Kell system antigens.
– Very rare and mostly found through advanced screening.

· 4. Diego, Duffy, Lutheran, and other rare antigens:
Rare antigen groups are found in certain ethnicities worldwide.

B) Liver & Metabolic Tests

1. LFT Blood tests (Liver Function Test)

→Why this test is done: This Blood tests is done to detects liver infections, jaundice, fatty liver, alcohol damage and bile duct issues.
→Normal Range:
Bilirubin <1.2 mg/dL
SGPT/ALT <40 U/L
SGOT/AST <40 U/L
ALP 40–129 U/L
→Cost: ₹600–₹1,000 (USD $8–$15)
→Fasting required? Yes (8–10 hours)
→Does it hurt? You should be a little scared if you are scared of needles or injections .
→Report time: Same day

LFT (Liver Function Test) Panel Table

Test Name	What it Detects	Normal Range	Fasting Required	Cost (INR/USD)
Total Bilirubin	Jaundice, liver inflammation	<1.2 mg/dL	Yes (8–10 hrs)	₹600–₹1,000 / $8–$15
Direct & Indirect Bilirubin	Liver vs. blood breakdown source	Direct: <0.3 mg/dLIndirect: <0.8 mg/dL	Yes	Included in LFT
SGPT (ALT)	Liver cell damage	<40 U/L	Yes	Included in LFT
SGOT (AST)	Liver, heart, muscle injury	<40 U/L	Yes	Included in LFT
ALP	Bile duct issues, bone disorders	40–129 U/L	Yes	Included in LFT
GGT (optional)	Alcohol use, liver obstruction	9–48 U/L	Yes	₹400–₹700 / $6–$10
Albumin	Liver function, protein status	3.4–5.4 g/dL	Yes	Included in LFT
Total Protein	Nutritional & liver health	6–8.3 g/dL	Yes	Included in LFT
A/G Ratio (Albumin/Globulin)	Protein balance	1.2–2.2	Yes	Included in LFT

2. Serum Ammonia

· Why this test is done: This blood test is done to detect liver failure and cirrhosis.
· Normal Range: 15–45 µg/dL
· Cost: ₹700–₹1,200 (USD $10–$17)
· Fasting required? Yes (8–10 hours)
· Does it hurt? Less than a breakup.
→Report time: 15 minutes

3. Serum Copper & Ceruloplasmin

→Why this test is done: To detects Wilson’s disease and copper metabolism disorders.
→Normal Range:
Copper 80–155 µg/dL
Ceruloplasmin 20–35 mg/dL
→Cost: ₹1,500–₹2,500 (USD $20–$35)
→Fasting required? No
→Does it hurt? ahh less then Breakup.
→Report time: 1–2 days

4. Serum Albumin & Total Protein

· Why this test is done: This blood test is done to detect malnutrition, liver, or kidney problems.
· Normal Range: 6–8 g/dL
· Cost: ₹300–₹500 (USD $5–$8)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? You should be a little scared if you are scared of needles or injections .
· Report time: Same day

C) Kidney & Electrolytes

1. KFT Blood tests (Kidney Function Test)

→Why this test is done: It is necessery to dignose kidney disease, dehydration, and high BP complications.
→Normal Range:
Urea 15–40 mg/dL
Creatinine 0.6–1.2 mg/dL
Uric acid 3.5–7.2 mg/dL
→Cost: ₹600–₹1,000 (USD $8–$15)
→Fasting required? Yes (8 hours)
→Does it hurt? Nope.
→Report time: Same day

KFT (Kidney Function Test) Panel Table

Test Name	What it Detects	Normal Range	Fasting Required	Cost (INR/USD)
Blood Urea	Kidney function, protein breakdown	15–40 mg/dL	Yes (8 hrs)	₹600–₹1,000 / $8–$15
Serum Creatinine	Kidney filtering ability	0.6–1.2 mg/dL	Yes	Included in KFT
Uric Acid	Gout, kidney stones	Men: 3.5–7.2 mg/dLWomen: 2.6–6.0	Yes	Included in KFT
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)	Kidney health, protein metabolism	7–20 mg/dL	Yes	Included in KFT
Electrolytes (sometimes separate)	Sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate	Men: 3.5–7.2 mg/dL Women: 2.6–6.0	/ (depends)	₹500–₹800 / $7–$12

2. Electrolyte Panel

→Why this test is done: It is necessery to dignose dehydration, heart rhythm issues, nerve problems.
→Normal Range:
Sodium 135–145 mEq/L
Potassium 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
Chloride 96–106 mEq/L
Bicarbonate 22–28 mEq/L
→Cost: ₹500–₹800 (USD $7–$12)
→Fasting required? No
→Does it hurt? Naa.
→Report time: Same day

3. Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus

→Why this test is done: This blood test is done to detect bone health issues, muscle cramps, kidney problems.
→Normal Range:
Calcium 8.5–10.5 mg/dL
Magnesium 1.7–2.2 mg/dL
Phosphorus 2.5–4.5 mg/dL
→Cost: ₹400–₹700 (USD $6–$10)
→Fasting required? Yes (8 hours)
→Does it hurt? Barely felt.
→Report time: Same day

D) Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome

1. Fasting & Postprandial Blood Sugar

→Why this test is done: This blood test is done to detect diabetes mellitus.
→Normal Range:
Fasting 70–99 mg/dL
Post-meal <140 mg/dL
Prediabetic 100-125
Diabetic 125
→Cost: ₹200–₹400 (USD $3–$6)
→Fasting required? Yes (fasting sample)
→Does it hurt? Just a finger prick.
→Report time: Same day

2. HbA1c Blood Tests (Glycosylated Hemoglobin)

· Why this test is done: To check average blood sugar levels of the last 3-4 months.
· Normal Range: <5.7% (diabetes >6.5%)
· Cost: ₹500–₹900 (USD $7–$12)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? Nope.
· Report time: Same day

3. Insulin & C-Peptide

· Why this test is done: It is used to diagnose the type of diabetes (Type 1/Type 2) and insulin resistance.
· Normal Range: Fasting Insulin 2–25 µIU/mL
· Cost: ₹800–₹1,500 (USD $12–$20)
· Fasting required? Yes (8 hours)
· Does it hurt? Not painful.
· Report time: 1 day

Lipid Profile Panel Table

Sub-Test	Normal Range	Fasting Required	Cost (INR/USD)
Total Cholesterol	<200 mg/dL	Yes (9–12 hrs)	₹600–₹1,000 / $8–$15
LDL (Bad cholesterol)	<100 mg/dL	Yes	Included in Lipid Profile
HDL (Good cholesterol)	>40 mg/dL (men)>50 mg/dL (women)	Yes	Included in Lipid Profile
Triglycerides	<150 mg/dL	Yes	Included in Lipid Profile

E) Vitamins & Minerals

1. Vitamin D, B12, Folate

→Why this test is done: To detects several things like bone weakness, fatigue, nerve damage, anemia and immunity problems.
Normal Range:
Vitamin D 30–100 ng/mL
Vitamin B12 200–900 pg/mL
Folate 2–20 ng/mL
→Cost: ₹800–₹1,500 (USD $12–$20 each test)
→Fasting required? No
→Does it hurt? Aaa nothing to worry about i think.
→Report time: Same day

2. Iron Studies (Serum Iron, Ferritin, TIBC, Transferrin)

→Why this test is done: This blood test is done to detect iron deficiency anemia or iron overload. (We found out from this test that Tony Stark is Iron Man )
→Normal Range:
Serum Iron 60–170 µg/dL
Ferritin 12–300 ng/mL
TIBC 240–450 µg/dL
→Cost: ₹900–₹1,600 (USD $13–$22)
→Fasting required? Yes (8 hours)
→Does it hurt? Less then a Breakup.
→Report time: Same day

F) Cardiac Markers

1. Troponin-I, Troponin-T

· Why this test is done: To confirm a heart attack.
· Normal Range: <0.04 ng/mL
· Cost: ₹800–₹1,200 (USD $10–$18)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? Nothing major.
· Report time: 1–2 hours

2. CK-MB

· Why this test is done: to detect heart muscle injury.
· Normal Range: <5 ng/mL
· Cost: ₹600–₹1,000 (USD $8–$15)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? Tolerable.
→Report time: Same day

3. BNP/NT-proBNP

· Why this test is done: to detect heart failure.
· Normal Range: <100 pg/mL
· Cost: ₹1,000–₹1,500 (USD $14–$20)
· Fasting required? No
· Does it hurt? Naa.
→Report time: Same day

G) Infectious Disease Panels

→Dengue NS1, IgM, IgG: Dignose dengue fever
Cost: ₹600–₹1,200 (USD $10–$18),
Fasting: No,
Pain: A little,
Report: 1 day

→Malaria Parasite/Antigen: To detects malaria
Cost: ₹300–₹500 (USD $5–$8),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Naa,
Report: Same day

→Typhoid (Widal/Typhidot): To detects typhoid
Cost: ₹300–₹700 (USD $5–$10),
Fasting: No,
Pain: No,
Report: 1 day

→HIV I & II: Detects HIV
Cost: ₹400–₹1,000 (USD $6–$15),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Less then a Breakup,
Report: 2 days

→HBsAg (Hepatitis B), Anti-HCV: Detects hepatitis B & C
Cost: ₹400–₹1,200 (USD $6–$18),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Less,
Report: 1–2 days

→COVID-19 PCR/Antigen: Detects COVID-19
Cost: ₹400–₹800 (USD $6–$10),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Slightly uncomfortable,
Report: Same day

H) Autoimmune & Allergy Test

→ANA, Anti-dsDNA: Dignose autoimmune diseases like lupus
Cost: ₹1,000–₹2,000 (USD $15–$25),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Small prick,
Report: 2–3 days

→Rheumatoid Factor (RF): Dignose rheumatoid arthritis
Cost: ₹400–₹800 (USD $6–$12),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Mild prick,
Report: 1 day

→Anti-CCP: to Confirms rheumatoid arthritis
Cost: ₹1,200–₹1,800 (USD $16–$22),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Nope,
Report: 1 day

→Serum IgE: Detects allergies
Cost: ₹500–₹900 (USD $7–$12),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Tiny prick,
Report: Same day

I) Tumor Markers (Cancer Tests)

→AFP: Dignose liver cancer (<10 ng/mL)
Cost: ₹800–₹1,200 (USD $10–$18),
Fasting: No,
Pain: No,
Report: 2–3 days

→PSA: Recognise prostate cancer (<4 ng/mL)
Cost: ₹700–₹1,100 (USD $9–$16),
Fasting: No,
Pain: No,
Report: 2–3 days

→CA-125: Dignose ovarian cancer (<35 U/mL)
Cost: ₹1,000–₹1,500 (USD $14–$20),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Mild prick,
Report: 2–3 days

→CA 19-9: Dignose pancreatic cancer (<37 U/mL)
Cost: ₹1,200–₹1,800 (USD $16–$22),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Mild prick,
Report: 2–3 days

→CEA: Distinguish colon and stomach cancer (<3 ng/mL)
Cost: ₹800–₹1,400 (USD $11–$19),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Mild prick,
Report: 2–3 days

J) Blood Gases & Other Tests

→Arterial Blood Gas (ABG): To Detect oxygen & carbon dioxide levels in Blood.
Cost: ₹600–₹1,000 (USD $8–$15),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Arterial prick can be slightly more uncomfortable but lasts seconds,
Report: 1–2 hours

→Lactate: Detects infections & oxygen deficiency (0.5–2.2 mmol/L)
Cost: ₹400–₹700 (USD $6–$10),
Fasting: No,
Pain: Mild prick,
Report: Same day

→Homocysteine: Detects heart disease & vitamin deficiency risk (5–15 µmol/L)
Cost: ₹800–₹1,200 (USD $12–$18),
Fasting: Yes (8 hours),
Pain: Mild prick,
Report: 1 day

Blood Gases & Others – ABG Parameters Table

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)

Regular blood tests are one of the most effective ways to detect disease early and monitor your overall well-being. Prevention is better than cure.

Click here to read our Complete Medical Tests Guide

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